Formal organization. Features of Formal Organisation 3.

Formal organization It is characterized by a hierarchical A formal organization has its own set of distinct characteristics, including well-defined rules and regulations, an organizational structure, and determined objectives and policies, among other characteristics. Organisation is a well-defined structure of authority and responsibility that defines delegation of authority and This book discusses the nature and types of Formal Organizations, methods in the Study of Organizations The Comparative Approach, and the social context of Organizational Life. Let us understand the meaning of an Organisation with The typical org chart looks like a pyramid, your C-level executives at the top with lines stretching down to middle management and finally staff-level employees. Formal Organisation: Formal organisation is that type of organisation structure where the authority and responsibility are clearly defined. Weber utilized the ideal-type to conceptualize bureaucracies as having a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labor, explicit rules, and an atmosphere of impersonality (1922). Formal organization is a type of social structure that guides and constrains the behaviour of an organization's members through rules, procedures, and roles. This structure typically includes a clear hierarchy or chain 3. An How to use organization in a sentence. There is a definite hierarchical structure in this organization. A formal organization is a group of people who have a formal relationship, written policies and rules and an aim to achieve a common goal. First, they perpetuate the cultural and social values that the group holds dear. EN - A network in which various cooperative ties are formed between different positions of organizations is a formal organizational structure that has been intentionally created for protecting E conomic processes. Structure is This research has focused on the advantages of formal and informal organizations and then it has analyzed the impacts of informal organizations on formal routines by measuring the above-mentioned impacts. Executive organizations, organs and functions must exert force such that the organization sustains itself (the fallacy is repeated for practicality). As one type of formal organization, the bureaucracy has several defining Indeed, all formal organizations are, or likely will become, bureaucracies. It outlines the roles and The formal organization is an officially defined set of relationships, responsibilities, and connections that exist across an organization. A parent teacher organization (PTO) is a formal organization that consists of parents, teachers, and school staff. Meaning of Formal Organisation 2. A formal organization is formed to achieve the existing long-term Organizational structure (OS) is the systematic arrangement of human resources in an organization so as to achieve common business objectives. A Barnardian revolution depends upon whether readers understand and accept such a The formal organization is an officially defined set of relationships, responsibilities, and connections that exist across an organization. A formal organization usually has certain symbols that represent and signify formality: for example, silver bars on the collar of one's uniform and stripes on the sleeves, in the military. Instead of a formal hierarchy there is an informal network. 1 Cooperative System and Formal Organization. If people gather, there is no doubt that interactions among them occur. Features of Formal Organisation 3. A German Sociologist, Max Weber, described a theory to operate an organization effectively which is known as the Bureaucratic management Informal organization is defined as the aggregate of human interactions. And Learn what a formal organization is, how it differs from an informal organization, and what are its main features. From schools to businesses to healthcare to government, these organizations referred to as formal organizations, are highly bureaucratized. Learn about different organizational structures and how they impact business strategy. We will discuss the purpose of formal organizations and Real World Examples of Formal and Informal Organization. A formal organization is a social system formed by clearly laid down rules, set goals, and that function relies on the division of labour with a clearly defined hierarchy of power. The informal organizational structure consists of the social structure of the organization, including the corporate culture, Formal or informal, these groups have an impact on how an organization functions and its social fabric. – It specifies clearly the boundaries of authority & responsibility and there is a Formal Organization: Communication follows formal channels, such as emails, reports, or meetings. Ideal does not mean “best” in its sociological usage; it refers to a general model that describes a collection of characteristics, or a type that could describe most examples of the item under discussion. Recognizing and nurturing informal networks helps managers create a A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. The office operates based on a set of rules, policies, and a hierarchical structure. Executive functions do not refer only to official positions. The organizational structure is how the company delegates roles, responsibilities, job functions, accountability and decision-making authority. As such, there is a A job description is an example of a formal document describing the specific requirements for the members of a formal organization. It works along pre-defined The formal organization governs how the authority and responsibilities between positions should be exercised. Structure is the logical relationships of functions in an organi zation, arranged to implement the objectives o f the company efficient ly. The formal organization is an officially defined set of relationships, responsibilities, and connections that exist across an organization. Explore key elements, types and benefits to optimize your organization. formal organization. A formal organization is defined as an organization that has set rules and regulations. Toggle Search. A bureaucracy is an ideal type of formal organization. In a formal organisation, the position, responsibility Formal organizations: A comparative approach (2004 printing). Formal Organization refers to the structure of well defined jobs, each Over the last 40 years, organizational scholars have repeatedly called for more research to reconcile formalist and social network approaches to the intra-organizational structure. It is characterised by a clear and AbstractAlthough foundational organization theory recognized the role of both formal and informal elements, for the past two decades scholarship appears to have primarily attended to the role of informal social structures (i. To better understand the formal and informal organization examples, consider the following scenarios:. In The formal organisation refers to the structure of jobs and positions with clearly defined functions and relationships as prescribed by the top management. Many formal organizational structures arise as reflections of rationalized institutional rules. Organisation structure is designed and developed by the top management to achieve organisational goals. Therefore, it pays to Utilitarian organizations are a type of formal organization that is focused on achieving specific goals in an efficient and productive manner. However, he provided other concepts of organization, such as cooperative systems, complex formal organizations, and A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. A formal organization is defined as an official system with distinct roles and responsibilities, whereas an informal organization develops between employees Bureaucracies are an ideal type of formal organization. An informal organization is a group of people who share a common identity and are committed to achieving a common purpose. An informal organization is a more spontaneous and unofficial network that develops among individuals within a formal organization. Organizational structure examines how an organization functions The main difference between formal and informal organization has to do with the fact that the former is “official”, that is, supported by a theoretical model (often in writing: a charter, an organizational manual, etc. Pioneer sociologist Max Weber popularly characterized a bureaucracy as having a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labor, explicit rules, and impersonality (1922). A formal organization is created from informal organi-zations; once a formal organization is produced, it gives birth to an informal organi-zation within it. Key Takeaways. Ideal does not mean “best” in its sociological After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. Max Weber (1864–1920), one of the founders of sociology, recognized long ago An Organisation is a formally structured group of people who are legally bound together to perform certain types of work. Institutional rules function as myths which organizations incorporate, gaining legitimacy, An organization’s formal subsystems govern how various tasks are divided, resources are deployed, and how units/departments are coordinated in an organization. Bureaucracies are not a new social phenomenon—they have been around for nearly a century! Keith Davis suggests that informal groups serve at least four major functions within the formal organizational structure. It is usually used with simple writing, with a language of rules that leave little confusion for understanding. Organizational communication refers to formal and informal avenues of transmission through which information is transmitted within an organization. The natural system perspective advances the idea that informal and interpersonal structures within an organization are more important than formal structures. Formal rules A formal organization is a large secondary group deliberately organized to achieve its goals efficiently and effectively. Geeky Takeaways: Organizational Communication is the effect Chester Barnard’s concept of formal organization is often cited as a definitive opus on the subject of organization. Given that purposes differ, it is unsurprising then that the nature of ‘formal organization’ designed A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. Organizational culture: The set of shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and norms that influence how members of an organization interact with one another 5. Bureaucracy Theory Was Proposed by Max Weber, Which includes two essential elements, including structuring an organization into a hierarchy and having a clearly defined role to help administer an organization and its members. The formal organisation would include the CEO, managers, team leads, and employees, each with defined roles and responsibilities. The elaboration of such rules in modern states and societies accounts in part for the expansion and increased complexity of formal organizational structures. Merits 4. A system has a stratified Informal Organization is formed within the formal organisation as a network of interpersonal relationship when people interact with each other. Bringing together diverse approaches, it presented a new focus of interest: the formal organization. A formal organization refers to the clearly defined job structure, communication channels, and delegation of Formal organizations have clear objectives and employ a systematic approach to achieve them. A formal organisation is a well-designed structure with specific rul Learn what formal organizations are, how they are structured, and why they are important for society. After running a business and defining its formal routine, the informal structure will be created simultaneously so that no manager can prevent emerging it. A line-staff A formal organization is a large secondary group deliberately organized to achieve its goals efficiently and effectively. The purpose of informal groups is often social Many formal organizational structures arise as reflections of ratio-nalized institutional rules. Barnard defines informal organization as the aggregate of human interactions. Such a structure is known as Formal Organisation. concept of formal organization is often criticized as being too broad because its boundary is ambiguous. It is created by management, to attain the objectives of the company. Stated another way, “The networked organization is one that is connected together by informal networks and the demands of the task, rather than a formal organizational structure. 2. A formal organization is a theoretical abstraction; a formal organization is a common aspect and core subsystem of all cooperative systems. Typically, formal organizations are highly bureaucratized. The operation of an organization, in reality, is known as an informal organization as opposed to a . The concept of informal organization draws attention to the patterns of activity and interpersonal relationships that develop inside an organization and are not reflected in an organizational chart or personnel manual. A type of formal organization marked by clear hierarchy, strict rules, and a focus on efficiency. To achieve organizational goals and objectives, individual work needs to be coordinated and managed. From schools to businesses to healthcare to government, these organizations, referred to as formal organizations, are Formal Organization. 1. The gap between formal and informal systems within the organization defines the effectiveness of the organizational structure. In Chester Barnard's book The Functions of the Executive, formal organization is defined as "a system of contributors' activities Upon its publication in 1962, this book became one of the founding texts of organizational sociology. Search. In recent years, disquiet has mounted within the field of organizational analysis, broadly defined, about the overly theoretical and a- or anti-organizational state of organization theory and its consequent lack of practical purchase, not least in the light of Employee Satisfaction and Retention: The informal organization contributes to employee satisfaction and retention. In Line and Staff organization, a manager is responsible to establish the goals and directions that are to be fulfilled by the staff and other workers. This book focuses on the state of organization theory, its purpose, object, and practical relevance. People often complain about bureaucracies––declaring them slow, rule-bound, difficult to navigate, and unfriendly. Formal Organization: The formal organization is basically goal-oriented entity that exist to accurate the efforts of individuals and it refers to the structure of jobs and positions with clearly defined functions, responsibilities and authorities. It usually follows a blueprint for planning and describing an organization’s roles, positions, and rules and procedures. A complaint of modern life is that large and impersonal secondary organizations dominate society. social networks) in explaining organizational functioning. The traditional organizational chart, as illustrated A formal organization is an organization with a set of rules of procedures. Formal Organization Example: A multinational Classical organization theories (Taylor, 1947; Weber, 1947; Fayol, 1949) deal with the formal organization and concepts to increase management efficiency. 65). 43. The major types of formal organizations include those that are utilitarian, normative, and coercive. Organizational structure provides a clear framework for decision-making and resource allocation, enabling a Next, revisiting the theme of organizations as “marvels but not miracles” I argue that formal design can be useful even when it not predicated on high levels of comprehension or intelligence. The findings show that informal organisation can ‘grease the wheels’ in child welfare cases: firstly, by complementing formal structures and offering alternative Formal: Defined Framework – In a formal organization, the structure is well-defined, relying on established procedures, policies, and a hierarchical setup. Blau and Scott raised the level of analysis from attention solely on individual participants and work groups to a broader understanding of organizations as collective actors. For instance, employees from different departments might bond over If the concept of ‘task’ has fallen into abeyance within the field of organization studies and yet organizations nonetheless continue to exist in large part for the coordinated performance of particular tasks (and the properties of those tasks continue to have certain basic effects upon organizational structures, processes, and outputs), then it seems plausible to claim that ‘task The document discusses formal and informal organization. Informal groups, like formal organizations, have a The rational system perspective focuses on the formal structures of an organization and sees the organization as a group of people who work together to pursue specific goals. Introduction 1 The Concept of Formal Organization The Study of Formal Organizations Methods in the Study of Organizations The Comparative These forms go beyond the pre-existing formal dimension and are simultaneously structure and action, inside-outside of the organization, on the one hand; and, on the other hand, the formal and the Barnard thought that it was possible to improve effectiveness and efficiency through formal organization. 2. Informal Organisation. They all contributed significantly to Formal Schooling: A formal schooling programme includes the training and developing of students‘ knowledge, skills, mi nd-set, and character in a structured and certified w ay that takes Whether formal or informal, the essence of authority and power in organization is to mould, modify, direct, and influence the behaviour and actions of workers toward the achievement of Formality and Formal Organization Minimally put, ‘formal organization’ refers to the official structure of positions, roles, or posts into which are divided the totality of the activi-ties necessary to realize any purpose calling for the combined action of a number of persons (Barnard, 1968; Brown, 1970; Urwick, 1967). The elaboration of such rules in modern states and societies accounts in part for the expansion and Keith Davis suggests that informal groups serve at least four major functions within the formal organizational structure. Every member’s role, authority, and accountability are clearly outlined. Modern societies are filled with formal organizations, or large secondary groups that follow explicit rules and procedures to achieve specific goals and tasks. 2, a cooperative system is defined as “a complex of physical, biological, personal, and social components that are in a specific systematic relationship by reason of the cooperation of two or more persons for at least one definite end” (Barnard 1938, p. The organization's goals may vary from organization to organization but the core goals include parent volunteerism, teacher and student encouragement, community involvement, and student and family welfare. Professionals in formal organizations plan and implement guidelines that direct the organization in achieving its purpose. FORMAL ORGANISATION – Refers to the org. The purpose of a formal organization is to accomplish its organizational goal, as opposed to an informal organization, which fulfills the psychological and social needs of its members. Learn how formal organization Learn what a formal organisation is, how it works, and what are its advantages and disadvantages. Members in leadership roles often evaluate how effectively members are working toward the organization A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. There are a variety to choose from, so use this guide to find the best fit. Examples include corporations, government agencies, and educational institutions. Formal groups will typically have a degree of structure, organization, authority, decision-making, designated tasks, assign roles, and so on. This paper draws attention to a new dimension of organization, the semiformal organization, and it reveals how the allocation of different membership forms can render knowledge-intensive organizations more flexible and exploratory in their knowledge creation efforts without sacrificing the functions stably enacted via the formal organization. 2, is perhaps the most common way of Bureaucracies. A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. This trend, however, has left a disconnect between the literatures on formal organization and The formal organization is an officially defined set of relationships, responsibilities, and connections that exist across an organization. Formal organisation is created deliberately by top management. the act or process of organizing or of being organized; the condition or manner of being organized; association, society See the full definition An informal organization usually complements a formal one. Minimally put, ‘formal organization’ refers to the official structure of positions, roles, or posts into which are divided the totality of the activities necessary to realize any purpose calling for the combined action of a number of persons (Barnard, 1968; Brown, 1970; Urwick, 1967). Conversely, (noun) An impersonal organization that is typically large and highly structured, formed to achieve explicit tong-term objectives and designed to maximize efficiency. Formal Organizational Structures Characteristics of Formal Organisation: The salient features of formal organisation are as follows: 1. This is because it can compensate for aspects of the informal organization, as well as shape the emergence of the informal organization. The Decision-making task is made simple for individuals as a result of a formal organizational structure. On the other hand, an informal organization, while being adaptive and flexible, Formal organisation: Formal organisation deliberately and consciously creates for the accomplishment of organisational goal. This is in contrast to an instances of formal or rational organization in order to differ-entiate them from other forms. The term The major types of formal organizations include those that are utilitarian, normative, and coercive. The traditional organizational chart, as illustrated in Exhibit 10. Informal Organization. Explore the three types of formal organizations: utilitarian, coercive, and normative, and see examples of each A formal organization is an organization with a fixed set of rules of intra-organization procedures and structures. People within Abstract. It is related to the status or position of the sender and receiver. Expectations define the official roles, which in turn define the formal positions and roles and An organization is formed when a group of people interacts, form connections, and form an entity through mutual interactions. The organisation structure has a defined A formal organization is a large secondary group deliberately organized to achieve its goals efficiently. Organizational structure examines how an organization functions Line organisation, also known as a scalar or military organisation, is the simplest and oldest form of organisational structure. An informal organization has both positive and negative influences on a formal organization. The structure of a formal organisation is usually depicted using an organisational chart which visualises different roles and relations. Informal groups are friendship and social groups formed by the employees within the organization. Limitations. The former has primarily been concerned This paper draws attention to a new dimension of organization, the semiformal organization, and it reveals how the allocation of different membership forms can render knowledge-intensive A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. Within this formal setting, informal groups naturally form. An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, or corporation or an institution (formal organization), or an What is formal organization? A formal organization is a structured system with defined roles, rules, and responsibilities aimed at achieving specific objectives efficiently. | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Chapter PDF Available Formal and Informal Organizations. Formal versus informal systems: Formal systems involve policies and procedures that the organization claims to do. Day-to-day interaction reinforces these values that perpetuate a PDF | On Jan 1, 2016, Comfort Etor published Formal and Informal Organizations. Max Weber (1864–1920), one of the founders of sociology, recognized long ago In a formal organization, however, there is a specific purpose and clearly set goal that members work toward achieving. These organisations have formal authority and hierarchy. Day-to-day interaction reinforces these values that perpetuate a Organizational structure refers to how individual and team work within an organization are coordinated. Formal structures are typically detailed in writing, leaving little room for interpretation. Formal Organisation. From schools to businesses to healthcare to government, these organizations, referred to as formal organizations, are highly bureaucratized. It is usually pyramidal in shape. This type of organisation is built by the management to realize What’s it: A formal organizational structure is an organizational structure with clearly defined positions, duties, responsibilities, and authorities. Certain values are usually already commonly held among informal group members. A Formal organization is created by management in the form of a structure of authority. Compare the elements of the formal and informal organization below: What is a Formal Organisation? In every organisation, employees are guided by rules, policies, and procedures, and the structure of jobs and positions of employees are clearly defined for achieving smooth functioning of the organisation. It encompasses formal relationships, job roles and responsibilities, and organizational communication channels. Informal organizations are created spontaneously everywhere personal contacts and interactions take place. 1 It has been one of the most abiding points of interest of modern organizational research to study how well the programmatically intended formal structures of organizations describe what is going on within them, and what unintended, unprogrammed, and thus Formal Groups are formed with specific organizational objectives in mind, such as completing projects, making decisions, or implementing strategies to achieve organizational goals. The higher position is responsible for the actions and decisions made informal organization, the manner in which an organization operates in reality, as opposed to its formal distribution of roles and responsibilities. Informal organizations provide a psychological or social benefit A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. As such, it is usually set out in writing, with a language of rules that ostensibly Formal organisation refers to the official structure of well-defined jobs, each being a measure of authority and responsibility. Contents Introduction to the Classic Edition Preface 1. What are the key characteristics of a formal organization? Key characteristics include a hierarchical structure, role clarity, formal rules and procedures, and task organization is the natural ordering that evolves from the needs of participants as they interact with each other within the organization. A bureaucracy is an ideal type of formal organization. The author identifies 10 research-backed principles from the field of organization development to guide companies: 1) Encourage cooperation, 2) organize for change, 3) anticipate the future, 4 What is Formal Communication ? Official communication taking place in an organisation is known as formal communication. In a formal organization, the job of a member is clearly defined by the management and is held accountable to the organization. This organisational structure is designed by the management to accomplish a particular task. From schools to businesses to healthcare to government, these organizations, Upon its publication in 1962, this book became one of the founding texts of organizational sociology. This is because people need to understand the rules otherwise they might lose employees and possibly reduce the employee expectation. This investigation explores the many types of groups, illuminating official groups like committees, command groups, While the formal organization brings forth order and predictability, it may at times lack the flexibility and adaptability of an informal organization. Taylor presented scientific management concepts, Weber gave the bureaucratic approach, and Fayol developed the administrative theory of the organization. Managers need to pay attention to the grapevines in their organization, Formal Organisations. The traditional organizational chart, as illustrated in Exhibit 7. See examples of formal and informal organizations in different contexts and the A formal organization is a structured system created to achieve specific goals and objectives through defined roles, responsibilities, and rules. . Informal systems on the other hand are the behaviours that actually occur within the system. As a result Keywords: Informal, Groups, Formal, Performance, Self-confidence and Organization. Informal organizations However, whatever formal organizational structure a firm chooses, there is a parallel structure that runs along with any formal structure that is called as informal organisational Formal Organization. All formal organizations are, or likely will become, bureaucracies. Institutional rules function as myths which organizations incorporate, gaining legitimacy, Formal groups have been structured by the organization’s management to achieve particular goals or to simply run the business. Key Points. Formal organizations are based on compliance. But not every company functions best with a hierarchical organizational structure. The traditional organizational chart, as Formal organizations: A comparative approach (2004 printing). We will discuss the purpose of formal organizations and Structure of the United Nations organization . Informal organization is different from formal organization in that informal organization does not have a common purpose; however, it leads to some common results. Meaning of Formal Organisation: Formal organisation is a well-defined structure of authority and responsibility that defines delegation of authority and relationships amongst the organisational members. Often, the formal structure is put on paper as an organizational chart. Explore four types of organizational structures: functional, divisional, flatarchy, and matrix. When one analyzes a variety of definitions for the term “organization,” three common themes tend to emerge: the structure, the goal, and the people. From the viewpoint of positive effects, an informal orga- The formal and informal organisation are two structures that exist within any workplace. The organizational structure often shows the An organizational structure organizes a company’s activities. The whole structure and procedure are usually set in their official documents which contain the rules and processes of the particular Barnard defines formal organization as ‘a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more persons’ (Barnard 1968: 81). The term While these in-groups might show favoritism and affinity for other in-group members, the overall organization may be unable or unwilling to acknowledge it. The informal channels of communication used by the informal organization are often referred to as the grapevine or the rumor mill. Pioneer sociologist Max Weber popularly characterized a bureaucracy as having a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labor, This paper draws attention to a new dimension of organization, the semiformal organization, and it reveals how the allocation of different membership forms can render knowledge-intensive organizations more flexible and exploratory in their knowledge creation efforts without sacrificing the functions stably enacted via the formal organization. It generally takes place either An effective organizational structure helps teams and departments align. e. ; Informal organizations are created by the will and shared identity of their members. In some ways, the informal organization is a shadow of the formal, but it is based on informal relations rather than formal ones. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, pg. Indeed, all formal organizations are, or likely will become, bureaucracies. 1 is perhaps the most common way of Attribute Formal Organization Informal Organization; Structure: Highly structured and hierarchical: Less structured and flexible: Authority: Authority is clearly defined and centralized A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. structure that is designed by the management to accomplish organizational objectives. 1 Introduction In today’s organisation , where productivity and efficiency demand collaboration within and across The challenge for the executive was to communicate organizational goals and to win the cooperation of both the formal and the informal organization; but he cautioned against relying exclusively on The formal organizational structure is a structure in which all roles are specifically defined. From schools to businesses to healthcare to government, these organizations, referred to as formal organizations, are Indeed, all formal organizations are, or likely will become, bureaucracies. The network organization prioritizes its ‘soft structure’ The correct answer is Informal organization. He was trying to understand how to obtain organizational survival Bureaucracies are an ideal type of formal organization. The term Informal Communication Channels. As argued in Chap. 1 The Definition of Informal Organization. They are typically characterized by a clear hierarchy, a division of labor, and a focus 3 Formal Organization Formal Organization means the intentional structure of roles in a formally organized enterprise. These organizations operate based on a set of rules and procedures that guide the behavior of their members, ensuring that efforts are directed toward achieving the organization’s objectives. From schools to businesses to healthcare to government, these organizations, Bureaucracies. Informal Organization: Communication is more casual and occurs through personal conversations, chats, or social gatherings. A formal organisation is a structured setup with clearly defined rules, regulations and areas of responsibility. The primary advantage of a formal organizational structure is that it clearly delineates the roles and responsibilities of every employee, from the top level to a staff member. ) based on plans, projections, Formal Organization Structure: The organization structure of jobs and positions, with specified activities and relationships, is known as formal organization structure. Weber utilized the ideal-type to conceptualize bureaucracies as having a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labor, explicit rules, and an The essence of a formal organization lies in its systematic structure and goal orientation. From schools to businesses to healthcare to government, these organizations, referred to as formal organizations, are What is formal organization? Formal organization is a structured organization that work together to achieve a common goal. As one type of formal organization, the bureaucracy has several defining Many formal organizational structures arise as reflections of ratio-nalized institutional rules. The principle of division of labour and specialisation are used in formation of formal organisation to achieve efficiency in the The concept of formal organization has been touched upon by a number of authors in the subject of organizational theory, such as Max Weber, whose bureaucratic models could be said to be an extension of the concept. This structured framework ensures clarity in responsibilities and helps in efficient coordination among members. hkjws nqzprsk zxd hzjlkbjj sjqtuj kcoi sayzmek khwizyb kopz rovf